Oil gas apparatus



-June 9, 1931.v DQ BALAcHowsKY :TAL 1,809,187

" Y on. GAS APPARATUS' l y 5` Filed Jung 29, 192s v 2 sheetssheet 2 A YPatented June 9, 1931 UNITED STATES PATE NT?" oFFp'hplc` DMIT'RY BALAcIIoWsKY AND PHILIPPE CAIRE, orl PARIS, FRANCE, 'AssIGNons To SOCIETE inns Bmivii'rs onfinriixgon GENE-VA, SWITZERLAND' f oIL ens AIIuinrixrusv y Application led June" 29, 1925,' Serial No. 4,389,fand'in France July 12, 1924. v t

The present vinvention lrelates to oil ygas apparatus; and its object, stated brieiiy, is lto provide an apparatus which is structuralt ly analogous in some respects to that shownV V5 and described in our prior Patent No. 1,630,-

O48, granted May 24, 1927 ,but which, in the main, is an improvement on or development v of the earlier form tovv render it applicable fory gas making.V The particular improvements involved will be lexplained in the course of the description which follows.

In lthe accompanying drawings:

Figures l and 2 are diagrammatic vertical a Vwill not be carriedaway bythe suction ot the engine when the gasiiier` is used therewith. AThe purpose ofjthe chambers is to yabsorb the excessliquid fuel and then `vapor- Y ize it, the chambers being exposed, like all n sections, taken at right angles to' eachother,

our invention; 'i v yFig. 8 is a vertical 4sectional V:view ofV a second form;

Figs. 4, 5 and are vertical sections of n y action of; the kheating gases;` and another other'inodifedforms of apparatus. i'

a The apparatus illustrated in saidxdrawingscan ybe used v equally well with heavy hydrocarbons and oils and with mixturesof dierenty heavy and light hydrocarbons;

' posed withinan outer` casing Cv from which it is spaced't'o provide an intermediate pasf sage A such passage havingan inlet A2 -andan outlet'ASvfor said gases.V

v "The inner casing A is provided with two branches; one of which vbranches (indicated at Amay. have asuitable carbureter E com- Inunicatingwith it, while the 'other branch FV vterminates at the induction pipe ofjan internal combustion engine. The. carbureter yE and .branch pipe D, serve jointly-to supply to the casing A, under the action ofsuction, a mixture of primary air and finely atomized fuel such as oil whichyon contact withthe fsuperheated'-walls ofthe -hot gas circulation o.

tubesy Bgarranged like -aybaiie, 'is gasified,

"Y the' presence of the catalytic metals or alloys being intended to render the said gasification' of vone form of oil gas apparatusembodying ,.Tlie oil `gas making ,apparatus shown in Figs. 1 and2 comprises a casing A through i which pass tubesB, both the casing and the more thorough and to produce 'it as 'soonas `the temperature reaches, for' instance, 330 C.

y,The casingv Amay be provided with one these chambers may be filled with; absorbent materials, such Aas pumice,charcoal, etc,l

eitherV alone or mixed with copper or other metal lings, Vor they may. containv metall filings alone, or othervcatalyzingsubstances.

Copper or other metalgauze may berused for holding4 these [substances vwhich infce'r- 1 tain cases may be agglomerated so that they the other 4parts ofthe, inner casing. A, to the? purpose of. said chambers .is to supply water `during gas making, the watery being converted into steam which mixes With the chambers being provided for the `purpose with a ,water inlet pipe H;` I

Fig. 3 shows a modiiied construction' in conduits -Df and F; theconduit D consti- Y tuting the inlet for the mixture of air andk oil, and the conduityF constituting the oil.k

gas outlet. Thev nest of. tubes may, of

metallic substance `in order. to absorbkthe which .the hot gases circulateoutsidea nest v of tubes B terminating at opposite` ends in .,course, .b eilled VAwith af Vsiiitable kabsorbent decomposition and Vgasification Vof the goil. n

In Figs." 4 and'5, theinner casingconsists VVo'f a single chamberG exposed within and-f without to the action of theliotf' exhaust gases. ,p ThisQchainber Gr. like the y"abovemay .be` vagglomerated e orfheld `by .metal gauze.l The catalyzing action may begexertfmeiitionedfchambersG, is filled with-absorb t Aent substances'mixed with metal filings, or

with metalfilings alone,` which` ksubstancesVV thesubstance or substances illing the said chamber, and thepchamber maybe suppliedy *at I with liquid fuel alone or incombination with Water, alcohol, or their mixtures, Which t may be admitted at J. The Water or aqueous liquid supplied at J serves to hydrogenate the mixture of hydrocarbon vapors and airu n V Y Whenever suction is applied at F2. it is necessary to lcombine "the gasesv 'from'the' FigkG, the inner casing A is divided into sev' veral parts or compartments, the `functions of `which are as follows:-

`The first o rbottom compartment a con- `'tains the tubes Bin which circulate the hot exhaust gases, said tubes being surrounded by metallic-ornon-metallic absorbent mate` rial, as already described. The liquid fuel ffromfthe' tankL fills this compartment Without -passing beyond the top thereof. Under (the A`action of the heating gases, the fuel is Vvaporized Aand partly decomposedand passes finto the secondY compartment lh, in the form ofmore orless moist vapors.v

Before enteringtthe latter compartment,` however, thesev vapors `pass throughy orV across suitable screening devices or bodies M (baflie plates, metal' gauze or the like) arranged in their pathV which will catch and remove foreign matters that they may contain, such as asphalt, tar or other impurities. The said compartment a may be used for the absorptionvof the Water, lalcohol or i mixtures thereof coming from tanl'N, and

the level of which, as stated above in connection with the fuel, does not rise above the top of the compartment.r The action of the aqueous liquid is the same as before.

The second or intermediate compartment b is designed to superheat the vapors of the fuel-alone lor the mixture of vapors of fuel circulating in the outer casing or Vjacket C,

'these vapors may vbe maintained in a sufficiently hot state to prevent them from condensing.

The third or top-compartment cis utilized to gasify the vapors ofthe hydrocarbons or .of the differentmixturesgcoming .from theV compartmenty a which jmay beI termed vthe kso yabsorption and distillation chamber. These vapors are first lscreened and separated Afrom foreign matters by the'devicesM previously mentioned, such `purification taking place obviously be used in order to increase the speed of suction.

In the passage or oil gas outlet F3, which may connect the apparatus to the intake of an engine, not shown, is mounted an adjustable nozzle K, the object of which is to supply additional air to the fuel vapors.

rlhe same apparatus may be used for enriching lean gases coming for instance from gas producers. The first compartment a of the Oas generating` chamber hereinbefore described (Fig. 6) ymay also be used for the distillation of coal and the production of producer gas, and the upper compartments b and c may be used 'for enriching these gases. The economy of this apparatus is due to the utilization of hot exhaust gases for `the production ofthe gases, and to the enrichment of the lean gases by the catalysis of the heavy hydrocarbons. The apparatus also contributes to the purification of the gases. ,I

Ve claim as our invention l. Oil gas apparatus, comprising inner and outer casings spaced from 'each other to providecirculation passage for hot gases at opposite vsides of the inner casing, one side of such passage having an inlet for the hot gases, and the other side having, an outlet therefor; anest of tubes ofrcatalytic metal extending through said inner casingU and opening' at their ends into said passage to conduct said 'fluids from theinlet side thereof to the outlet` side; an oil gas'delivery pipe leading from the upperAA part of the inner casing through the outer casing to the outside; means for supplying a mixture 'of finely Vpulv'erized hydrocarbon liquid and air to theV lovver part of said inner casing to be divided into fine streams by" the tubes. and decomposed catalytically to form oilv'gas by direct contact With .the heated surfacesthereof during .their passage l to the delivery pipe; and means for supplying an aqueous liquid to the said lower part of the inner casing to facilitate the catalytic" action. A e v A .2.' O11V gas4` apparatus,y comprislng inner n l Y Vand outer-'c'asings, the former containing and steam. Owing to the heat of the gases loose catalytic material, spa-ced from each other to provide an intermediate circulation passage for hotfgases at `oppositesides of having an inlet for the hot gases, and the other side having an outlet therefor; a nest, of tubes of catalytic material of highthermal conductivity'extending through said inlner casing andk opening at their ends into said passageto conduct said gases from the inlet side thereofto the outlet sideg-an oil gas `delivery pipe leading from the upperv` part of lthein'ner casing through the outer casing to the outside; means for supplying a mixture of'inely ulverized -hydrocarbon l liquid and air to the ovver part of said inner tures. o

DMITRY BALACHOWSKY. PHILIPPE CAIRE. v 

